EBD | Functional Behavior Assessment | Helpful Links | Crisis Management | Glossary | Mobil Crisis | EBD Staff
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Helpful Links
Why does my kid do that?
http://smhp.psych.ucla.edu/qf/behavprob_qt/
This document helps you find the reason behind misbehavior in children.
What does defiant behavior mean?
www.pbs.org/parents/issuesadvice/inclusivecommunities/challenging_behavior.html
PBS offers many resources for parents of children with disabilities, including this brief called Challenging Behavior in Children.
Behavior serves a purpose.
http://cecp.air.org/familybriefs/
The Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice (CECP) offers a number of family briefs on behavior, but if you want to know more about how behavior is a form of communication and why some children choose inappropriate behaviors as a way of communicating, try CECP’s brief called Functional Communication Training to Promote Positive Behavior. A natural follow-up is CECP’s brief called Planned Ignoring as an Intervention Strategy for Parents and Family Members.
What are children trying to tell us?
http://csefel.uiuc.edu/briefs/wwb9.html
What Works briefs from the Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning summarize effective practices for supporting children’s social-emotional development and preventing challenging behaviors. This 4-pager talks about functional behavior assessment and how it’s used to figure out the purpose or function of a child’s problem behavior---in effect, what the child is trying to say. Spanish version is available at:
http://csefel.uiuc.edu/briefs/wwb9-sp.html
More on the function of behavior: Achieving the purpose in appropriate ways http://ici2.umn.edu/preschoolbehavior/strategies/genintro.htm
The Early Childhood Behavior Project offers many materials on challenging behavior, including this Introduction. Also extremely interesting, and useful, is the project’s page on ways to provide the child with an appropriate communication alternative that will achieve the original purpose of the problem behavior. Find this latter information at:
http://ici2.umn.edu/preschoolbehavior/strategies/default.html
Is this behavior normal, a phase, a development issue, or something more serious?
www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/childbehaviordisorders.html
Family members and teachers may see a range of behaviors out of children and still not be sure if a particular behavior they’re seeing indicates a childhood behavior disorder. Visit Medline Plus’s page, which connects with various resources to help you decide, including Development and Behavior; You and Your Child’s Behavior; Children’s Threats; When Are They Serious?; and specific aspects, such as aggressive behavior; children who won’t go to school; conduct disorders; fighting and biting; helping the child who is expressing anger; and know when to seek help for your child.
Social Stories
www.csefel.uiuc.edu – click on Practical Strategies
Behavior Assessment
So what exactly is a Functional Behavioral Assessment?
www.air.org/cecp/fba/default.htm
This page answers the basic questions of “FBA: What is it?” It covers how to conduct an FBA, and how to use the results to create a positive behavioral intervention plan and supports. The information is broken down into digestible sizes and is easy to read and consume.
Another quick description of FBA
www.pbis.org/english/Functional_Assessment_of_Behavior.htm
Details about the process involved in FBA
This 6-page newsletter defines the process of FBA. It gives clear descriptions and specific examples. A great, reader-friendly overview!
Here’s another reader-friendly overview:
www.pacer.org/parent/php/PHP-c79s.pdf
FAPE is the Families & Advocates Partnership for Education. Although the project is no longer in operation, its 8-page brief on functional behavior assessment and positive behavioral interventions is still available online. So is the Spanish version at: www.pacer.org/parent/php/PHP-c79S.pdf
Take a look at this review of research on Functional Analysis of Problem Behavior: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jaba/articles/2003/jaba-36-02-0147.pdf
This research review was originally published in Applied Behavior Analysis in Summer, 2003.
What is “Multimodal Behavior Analysis?”
http://mfba.net/index.html
The Duquesne University School Psychology Program provides a thorough description of the process of conducting a Functional Behavioral Assessment and writing a Behavior Intervention Plan.
What do they mean by “strength-based assessment?”
www.air.org/cecp/interact/expertonline/strength/empower/1.htm
This method of assessment empowers the child by building on their personal strengths and resources, rather than focusing on their problems.
The IEP team is definitely involved!
The IEP team might find these two resources helpful in understanding FBA and what comes next: (1) An IEP Team’s Introduction to Functional Behavioral Assessment and Behavior Intervention Plans, available at:
www.air.org/cecp/fba/problembehavior/main.htm; and (2) Conducting a Functional Behavioral Assessment, available at: www.air.org/cecp/fba/problembehavior2/main2.htm.
BEHAVIOR INTERVENTION PLANS
The link between functional behavior assessments and behavior intervention plans.
http://ericec.org/digests/e592.html
Research has demonstrated that FBAs can lead to the development of effective, proactive BIPs. Find out more in the digest from the ERIC system.
How do you go about developing a behavioral intervention plan?
www.idonline.org/ld_indepth/behavioral_intervention.html
This article explains the requirements of the IDEA regarding addressing problem behavior. It provides a step-by-step guide to conducting a functional behavioral analysis, and writing a behavior plan.
Writing the plan for school involves the IEP team.
http://cecp.air.org/fba/problembehavior/main.htm
The Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice (CECP) offers a number of family briefs on behavior. Two were mentioned above under “Behavior as Communication.” If you’d like to know more about how to write a BIP, read CECP’s Behavioral Planning Meetings, which describes what BIPs are and how parents and the school system work together to write one.
Suppose the IEP team doesn’t know much about behavior, FBA, or BIPs?
http://cecp.air.org/fba/problembehavior/main.htm
If the IEP team isn’t real sure how to address a student’s problem behavior, then members might find this CECP resource helpful: Addressing Student Problem Behavior, Part I: An IEP Team’s Introduction to Functional Behavioral Assessment and Behavior Intervention Plans. It’s available at the link above. Also to the point is Creating Positive Behavioral Intervention Plans and Supports, available at: www.air.org/cecp/fba/problembehavior3/main3.htm
Would a sample form help? www.circleofinclusion.org/english/formsarticles/forms/10challengingbehavior/form10index.html
The Circle of Inclusion (for early childhood service providers and families of young children) offers a number of sample “Forms to Support a Child with Challenging Behaviors.” These include: (1) a behavior log; (2) a blank behavior intervention program; (3) a sample behavior intervention program; (4) an environmental and curricular checklist; (5) social skills training, and (6) problem behavior analysis.
POSITIVE BEHAVIOR SUPPORT
What exactly is Positive Behavior Support?
www.nau.edu/ihd/positive/ovrvw.htlml
This excellent, reader-friendly guide to positive Behavior Support is provided by Institute for Human Development at Northern Arizona University. A Spanish version is available at: www.nau.edu/ihd/positive/sumario.htlml
What are the components of Behavioral Support?
www.state.ky.us/agencies/behave/homepage.html
This site offers information on a 3-tier model of behavior support: (1) school-wide; (2) small group; and (3) individual. It gives information on what all students need to be successful.
Positive behavior support and functional assessment.
http://ericec.org/digests/e580.htlm
This digest from the ERIC system looks at the research on positive behavior support and school-wide behavior change, then briefly discusses functional assessments of young children.
What’s the research say about PBS?
http://ericec.org/osep/recon4/rc4cov.htlml
This issue of Research Connections in Special Education describes promising research in using positive behavioral supports to improve learning opportunities for students with disabilities.
Positive behavioral interventions and supports. www.Idonline.org/ld_indepth/behavior/positive_behavioral_intervention.html
This article from LDOnline explains why PBIS is important and outlines key principles of practice.
More about PBS and its individualized approach to managing challenging behavior.
http://csefel.uiuc.edu/briefs/wwb10.html
This What Works brief from the Center on the Social and Emotional Foundations for Early Learning summarizes PBS and talks about how it works, factors that will limit its effectiveness, and whether it’s really just “giving in” to the child. A Spanish version is available at: http://csefel.uiuc.edu/briefs/wwb10-sp.htlml
Tips for parents: How to get behavior supports into the IEP.
www.pbis.org/files/parentiep.doc
This guide, a collaboration between the Beach Center on Disabilities and the Center for Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, contains a wealth of suggestions for parents.
Need training materials for parents on positive behavioral interventions? www.fape.org/pubs/idea_training_materials.htm#POSITIVE
These training materials, subtitled Parents Need to Know, include 37 overheads and a curriculum for trainers. The set is available in Spanish as well as on CD-ROM.
YET MORE RESOURCES
There’s a center focusing exclusively on PBIS.
www.pbis.org/english
The Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports is funded by the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) to provide information, training, support, and guidance to the nation on addressing behavior problems in research-based and effective ways. They offer information in English and Spanish.
Check out this one-stop-shop on behavior!
www.bridges4kids.org/PBS/PBS.hlml
This site has information for both families and teachers on FBAs, behavior intervention plans, bullying, and discipline issues.
Don’t forget to check out the other NICHCY A-Z pages on behavior.
www.nichcy.org/resources/default.asp.
They’re listed and linked at the top of this file, and offer quick connections and resources on other behavior-related issues.